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L Lake Copper (Copper Nos. 113, 114, 115, 116, 125, 127, 128, 129 and 130) See Copper. Lap A surface defect appearing as a seam, caused by folding over hot metal, fins or sharp corners and then rolling or forging, but not welding, them into the surface. Leaded Brasses Copper alloys, generally of copper and zinc to which lead has been added to improve machinability. Leaded Commercial Bronze (Copper Alloy No. 314) See Copper Alloy. Leaded Muntz Metal (Copper Alloy No. 365) See Copper Alloy. Leaded Naval Brass (Copper Alloy No. 485) See Copper Alloy. Leaded Red Brass (Copper Alloy No. 320) See Copper Alloy. Lengths The terms employed to designate lengths are as follows: (1) Mill Lengths — Certain uniform lengths subject to established tolerances with short lengths included according to established schedule. (2) Multiple Lengths — Lengths of integral multiples of a base length, with suitable allowance for cutting if and as specified. Several different multiples of the base length may be included in any lot, at the mills’ discretion. (3) Random Lengths — Run-of-mill lengths without any indicated preferred length. (4) Specific Lengths — Indicated uniform lengths, subject to established length tolerances; for example: 12’-0”, 9’-7” or 0’-4˝” is a specific length. (5) Specific Lengths with Ends — Indicated uniform lengths of 6 feet or over subject to established length tolerances and with ends included according to established length schedules; for example: 10’-0” with ends or 6’-5” with ends. (6) Standard Lengths — Standard lengths are lengths which have been recommended in a Simplified Practice Recommendation or established as a Commercial Standard by the National Bureau of Standards, United States Department of Commerce as standard lengths for certain products. Products such as Copper and Red Brass, (Copper Alloy No. 230) Pipe, Copper Water Tube, Copper Thread-less Pipe (TP), Copper Refrigeration and General Service Tube and Copper Drainage Tube (DWV) are furnished in standard lengths. (7) Stock Lengths — Normally certain uniform lengths subject to established tolerances (including Standard Lengths.) actually carried in mill and warehouse stocks. The nominal length actually carried will vary considerably with the product, alloy, size, mill source and warehouse location. (8) Stock Lengths with Ends — in some products and sizes it is customary to include with stock lengths the end pieces resulting from cutting, according to established length schedules. Light-Drawn Temper See Temper. Lip Tube See Tube. Lock Seam Tube See Tube. Longitudinal Curl A unidirectional departure from longitudinal flatness. See Figure 16.  Figure 16 Exaggerated for Illustration Low Brass, 80% (Copper Alloy No. 240) See Copper Alloy. Low-Leaded Brass (Copper Alloy No. 335) See Copper Alloy. Low-Leaded Brass (Tube) (Copper Alloy No. 330) See Copper Alloy. Low-Silicon Bronze, (B) (Copper Alloy No. 651) See Copper Alloy — Silicon Bronze. M Malleability The property of a metal that permits deformation by rolling, heading, hammering or extension by pressure without fracturing. Manganese Bronze, (A) (Copper Alloy No. 675) See Copper Alloy. Mannesmann Process The process of piercing heated solid billets to form seamless tubes. See Piercing. Matrix Brass (Copper Alloy No. 340) See Copper Alloy. Matte Dip See Dip Solution. Medium-Leaded Brass (Copper Alloy No. 340) See Copper Alloy. Mercurous Nitrate Test See Test. Metal-Arc Welding See Welding. Metallic Coated Wire See Wire. Mill Lengths See Lengths. Multiple Lengths See Lengths. Muntz Metal (Copper Alloy No. 280) See Copper Alloy. N Naval Brass (Copper Alloy No. 464) See Copper Alloy. Nickel Silver (Copper Alloy Nos. 730 to 779 incI.) See Copper Alloy. Non-refractory A term applied to those copper alloys which because of a lack of hardness or abrasiveness present relatively little difficulty in maintaining standard dimensional tolerances. O Oil Burner Tube See Tube. Oil Stain See Stains. Open Seam Tube See Tube. Orange Peel Surface The surface roughness resulting from working metal of large grain size. The surface is similar in texture to an orange peel. Oreide A term sometimes used but not recommended. See Copper Alloy. Overhauling The process of cutting away the surface layer from bars or plates after breakdown rolling. The object of this is to remove the minor surface casting defects and oxide. Oxyacetylene Welding See Welding. Oxygen-Free Copper See Copper. Oxygen-Free Silver Bearing Copper (Copper Nos. 104, 105 and 107) See Copper. P Patent Leveling See Straightening and Flattening. Phase The physically distinct and homogeneous portion of matter in a heterogeneous system. In alloy systems, phases are usually identified by the Greek letters alpha, beta, etc. Phosphor Bronze (Copper Alloy Nos. 500 to 529 incI.) See Copper Alloy. Pickling The process of removing surface oxide and scale from copper alloys with a mill pickle solution consisting of approximately 12 to 15 percent sulfuric acid in water by volume. Pickle Stain See Stains. Piercing (1) The process, also known as the “Mannesmann Process” by which seamless tubes are made from solid billets. A heated billet is rapidly rotated and driven ahead by drive rolls, the action of which is to form an opening in its center. The forward movement imparted by the rolls carries the shell over a freely rotating mandrel which shapes the inner surface of the tube. (2) Punching holes in sheet or strip, or walls of shells. Pin Test See Tests, Expansion (Pin). Pipe Seamless tube conforming to the particular dimensions commercially known as Standard Pipe Sizes. See TOLERANCE Section, page 35 Pipe, Threadless See Tube. Piston Finish Rod See Rod. Pit (1) A hole or defect remaining when a foreign particle embedded in the metal surface falls out. (2) A cavity resulting from localized corrosion or over-etching. Plain Pickled Finish See Finish. Planish Finish See Finish. Plate A flat rolled product over 3/16”, (.188”), in thickness and over 12” in width. See TERMINOLOGY Section, page 1,table 1 and TOLERANCE Section,pages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 14 and 15. Platers’ Bar A rectangular section, specially surfaced, for use as a base to which precious metal is to be applied before rerolling, for the jewelry and similar trades. Platers’ Brass See Copper Alloy Platers’ Core A round section, especially surfaced, for use as a base to which precious metal is to be applied before rerolling, for the jewelry and similar trades. Plug Scratch A longitudinal scratch on the inside surface of a tube resulting from the use of a roughened plug or the drag of a foreign particle between plug and tube wall. Pneumatic Test See Tests. Pointing (1) The reduction of the diameter of ends of tubes, rod, or wire in order that they may be started through the drawing die. (2) The cutting of a taper point on wire to be made into wood screws and similar products. Polishing The finishing of metal surfaces by a compound impregnated in the surfaces of a hard fabric faced wheel which rotates at high speed. Also see Buffing. Press Straightening See Straightening. Primer Brass (Copper Alloy Nos. 210, 220, 260, 335 and 342) See Copper Alloy. Print Roll A tube manufactured with special perfection of surface and straightness, for use in printing paper, linoleum, textiles and similar products. Projectile Band Blank See Rotating Band Blank. |
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